A summary report of the 2007 International Congress on the Women's Role in the Sangha: Bhikshuni Vinaya and Ordination Lineages, University of Hamburg, 18-20 July 2007.

The Mongolian style of Tibetan painting maintained the iconography but adapted the details of the background to reflect the grasslands of the Mongolian steppes.

Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey explains the Fourth Panchen Lama’s text that forms the basis for the Gelug/Kagyu tradition of mahamudra meditation on the nature of the mind.

Understanding the twelve links of dependent arising and the five aggregates reveals how unawareness and karma perpetuate samsara and how realizing voidness leads to liberation from suffering and rebirth.

It is important to reflect on the causes of suffering because disturbing emotions and the karma they generate bind us to the cycle of dissatisfaction, death and rebirth, whereas counteracting them through Dharma practice leads to liberation.

By deeply contemplating the many forms of suffering present throughout samsara, practitioners develop genuine renunciation and the determination to attain lasting liberation from uncontrollably recurring rebirth.

The Mahayana and Theravada presentation of the points on which the Buddha remained silent, since to answer them would only create confusion in the minds of questioners.